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January 16, 2011 by •

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Fruit Types and Characteristics

FRUIT: STRUCTURE AND TYPES

Fruit Types and Characteristics
Classification Examples Type Fleshy/ Dry Dehiscent/ Indehiscenf Comments
Accessory Strawberry Accessory F — Develops from receptacle; ovaries are achenes on surface.
Achene Dandelion, sunflower Simple D I Single locule with single seed; not especially hard.
Aggregate Raspberry Aggregate F — Drupelets from several pistils on a single flower.
Berry Grape, tomato Simple F — Not enclosed by a receptacle, many seeds, soft skin.
Capsule Lily, poppy Simple D D Formed by two or more carpels not separated by a septum.
Caryopsis (grain) Wheat, corn, other grains Simple D I Single seed fused to pericarp.
Drupe Peach, plum, cherry Simple F — Larger fruit with single seed (stone).
Drupelet Raspberry drupelet Simple on aggregate F I Small, single seeded; occurs as a segment of an aggregate fruit.
Follicle Milkweed pod Simple D D Single carpel opening on one side.
Hesperidium Orange, other citrus Simple F — Berry-shaped, with several seeds and a tough rind.
Hip Rose hips Simple F/D — Enlarged hypanthium surrounding many achenes.
Legume Bean, pea pod Simple D D Composed of one carpel with seeds.
Loment Tick trefoil, sweet vetch Simple D I Legume but with individual seeds constricted by the pod.
Multiple Pineapple, mulberry Multiple F — Formed by many flowers and ovaries on one receptacle.
Nut, nutlet Acorn, hazelnut Simple D I Usually single seed inside a hard, woody pericarp.
Pepo Melon, cucumber Pepo F — Not enclosed by receptacle; many seeds; tough rind.
Pome Apple Simple F — Floral tube (core) containing multiple seeds, surrounded by fruit.
Samara Maple, ash, elm fruits Simple D I Not splitting; winged.
Schizocarp Carrot, geranium

fruits

 Simple D I Fruit splitting but not releasing seeds.
Silicle (silique) Mustard
(Brassicaceae) fruits		 Simple D D Two carpels separated by septum, less than twice longer than wide.
Synconium Fig Multiple F From entire inflorescence (many flowers) with inverted receptacle bearing flowers internally; fruit formed of ripened ovaries (receptacle tissue).